Key information about life in Dubai

Legal Aspects

Dubai's legal system is based on a combination of Islamic Sharia law, civil law, and commercial legislation. Sharia governs areas such as family law, inheritance matters, and ethical norms. Civil and commercial laws align with international standards, making them accessible to foreign investors and residents. Sources of law in Dubai include the UAE Constitution, federal laws, local decrees, and fatwas — religious rulings applied in specific cases. For foreigners, adhering to local rules is crucial, particularly in public conduct, debt repayment, and compliance with labor laws.

Culture and Customs

Dubai’s culture is deeply rooted in Islamic traditions, shaping public norms and behavior. In public spaces, modest clothing is important, avoiding overly revealing attire. For instance, women are advised to wear dresses or trousers that cover their knees, while men should avoid shorts. Public displays of affection, such as hugging or kissing, are discouraged. Respect for local traditions is vital, including observing Friday prayers and adhering to the customs of the holy month of Ramadan, during which eating, drinking, or smoking in public during daylight hours is prohibited. Following these norms helps foreigners integrate smoothly into the local community.

Climate

Dubai features a subtropical desert climate, characterized by hot summers and mild winters. Summer temperatures often exceed +40°C, particularly from June to September, while winter, from November to March, sees average daytime temperatures of +25–28°C. Coastal areas experience intense heat due to high humidity, whereas desert regions are drier. To ensure comfort, foreigners are advised to wear lightweight, natural fabric clothing that covers shoulders and knees, which not only helps adapt to the climate but also complies with local norms. During the hot season, hats and sunscreen are essential to avoid heatstroke.

Important Financial Matters for Expats in Dubai

1. Bank Accounts

Opening a bank account in Dubai is an essential step for comfortable living and managing financial transactions. Expats can open a current or savings account by providing documents such as a valid passport, UAE residency visa, Emirates ID, proof of residence, and a salary certificate or a letter from their employer.

Some banks may require additional documents, such as a reference letter from a previous bank or a bank statement for the last few months. The account opening process typically takes a few days to a week, so it’s advisable to check the specific requirements of the chosen bank in advance.

2. Taxes

The UAE tax system is highly appealing to expats due to the absence of income tax. Individuals are exempt from paying taxes on salaries, investment income, and capital gains.

As of June 1, 2023, a corporate tax of 9% has been introduced for companies with an annual profit exceeding AED 375,000. Companies registered in free zones may be exempt from this tax if they meet specific conditions.

Since 2018, a 5% Value Added Tax (VAT) has been applied to most goods and services. Tax policies are subject to change, so it’s important to regularly check official resources for updates

3. Cost of Living in Dubai

The cost of living in Dubai varies depending on the area and personal preferences. Renting a studio apartment costs between AED 3,500 and AED 5,000 per month, while utilities range from AED 500 to AED 800. A monthly public transport pass costs around AED 300, and groceries for one person typically amount to AED 1,500–2,000 per month.

Health insurance is mandatory, and employers often cover its cost. On average, an individual’s monthly budget is AED 8,000–12,000, while a family of four might need AED 15,000–20,000. Grocery expenses for a family of four range from AED 4,000 to AED 6,000 per month, depending on lifestyle and preferences. Read more about the cost of living in Dubai here.

Important legal matters for expats in Dubai

1. Visa regulations

Foreign citizens require an appropriate visa to enter and reside in Dubai. There are several types of visas, including tourist, work, and residence visas. The process of obtaining a visa depends on its type and may take anywhere from a few days to several weeks. Tourist visas are issued more quickly, whereas work and residence visas require more time and documentation.

Expats can obtain visas through an employer’s sponsorship, for conducting business, or based on property investments. Citizens of certain countries are eligible for visas on arrival or e-visas, while others must apply in advance. Work visas require employer sponsorship and compliance with specific requirements, such as minimum salary thresholds and health insurance. A residence visa is necessary for stays in the UAE exceeding 90 days and can be linked to employment, investment, or family sponsorship.

2. Labor laws

The UAE Labor Law, regulated under Law No. 8 of 1980, outlines the rights and responsibilities of employers and employees. It addresses issues such as working hours, annual leave, overtime pay, and other aspects. Employers must strictly adhere to these regulations to ensure fair treatment of workers.

Employees are entitled to at least 30 days of paid annual leave per year, and the workday cannot exceed 8 hours. Working more than 6 hours without a break is prohibited, except in certain industries. Employers are also required to provide medical insurance and severance pay. Foreign citizens working in Dubai must have a valid work visa and a labor permit.

3. Property ownership laws

Foreign citizens are permitted to purchase freehold property only in designated areas. In other zones, long-term leases or partnerships with UAE nationals may be required. Before purchasing property, it is necessary to obtain all required permits. Additionally, inheritance laws in Dubai differ significantly from those in many other countries, making it crucial to consult a lawyer for drafting a will and planning succession.

Practical Tips for Moving to Dubai

1. Healthcare

Health insurance is mandatory for all residents in Dubai, including expats. Employers often provide basic coverage, but additional insurance may be required to access premium services. Dubai’s healthcare system is of high quality, offering a wide range of public and private medical facilities. Insurance costs vary: basic plans start at AED 700 per year, while comprehensive plans can exceed AED 10,000, depending on age and coverage.

2. Choosing Accommodation

When choosing a place to live, it is essential to consider your budget, proximity to work or schools, and the availability of amenities. Popular areas for renting apartments include Dubai Marina, Jumeirah Lakes Towers, and Al Barsha, while Arabian Ranches and The Springs are ideal for villas. Rental prices vary significantly depending on the location and property type: studio apartments start from AED 3,500 per month, while luxury properties are considerably more expensive.

3. Transportation System and Driving Rules in Dubai

Dubai has a well-developed transportation system, including the metro, buses, and taxis. Public transport is affordable and efficient, but owning a car provides more freedom. Expats need a UAE driving license, which can be obtained by converting an existing license or passing a driving test. Strict traffic laws and high penalties for violations make road safety crucial. Petrol in Dubai is relatively inexpensive: as of November 2024, the price of Special 95 petrol is AED 2.63 per liter. However, expenses for insurance and car maintenance should also be taken into account.

Rules of conduct for expats in Dubai

At the workplace. Adhering to work discipline, respecting colleagues and superiors, and fulfilling obligations as per the employment contract are essential. Any form of discrimination or harassment is strictly prohibited.

Financial reporting. Honest handling of financial matters is required, including timely submission of tax declarations and reports. Avoidance of fraud and tax evasion is mandatory.

Dress code. Modest clothing covering shoulders and knees is recommended in public places. Swimwear is acceptable at beaches and pools, but in other areas, more conservative attire is required.

Traffic rules (driving regulations). Strict adherence to speed limits, the use of seat belts, and a ban on using mobile phones while driving without hands-free devices are enforced. Valid driving licenses and insurance policies are mandatory.

Behavior in public places. Public displays of affection, such as kissing and hugging, are prohibited. Loud behavior, offensive language, and insults are not allowed. Smoking is only permitted in designated areas.

Penalties for rule violations

Workplace misconduct. Breaches of work discipline can result in disciplinary actions such as a warning, reprimand, or dismissal. Monetary fines are not prescribed as a disciplinary measure under Dubai labor laws.

Counterfeiting. According to Federal Law No. 6 of 1976, counterfeiting is punishable by up to 10 years in prison and/or fines.

Bribery/corruption. Under Federal Law No. 11 of 2006 (amended), bribery or corruption is punishable by up to 7 years in prison and/or fines of up to AED 1 million for both the giver and receiver.

Insider trading. Federal Law No. 8 of 2002 (amended) stipulates penalties of up to 5 years in prison and/or fines of up to AED 10 million for insider trading.

Forgery and accounting fraud. Fraudulent actions, such as document forgery or maintaining false accounts, can result in significant fines and imprisonment, with penalties determined by the specifics of the case.

Penalties for dress code violations

Warnings or fines. In public places like malls, museums, and restaurants, visitors are expected to wear modest clothing covering shoulders and knees. Violations may result in warnings from security staff or police. Fines can range from AED 100 to AED 500, depending on the situation.
Arrest. Serious breaches, such as appearing in overly revealing clothing or refusing to comply with instructions, can lead to arrest and subsequent legal proceedings. Penalties may include up to one month in jail and/or fines of up to AED 2,000.

Penalties for traffic violations

Exceeding the speed limit by more than 80 km/h: AED 3,000 fine, 23 black points, and potential vehicle confiscation for 60 days.
Running a red light: AED 1,000 fine, 12 black points, and vehicle confiscation for 30 days.
Using a mobile phone while driving: AED 800 fine and 4 black points.
Not wearing a seatbelt: AED 400 fine and 4 black points.
Illegal parking: AED 1,000 fine and 6 black points.

Penalties for public misconduct

Offensive or aggressive behavior. Displays of aggression, use of offensive language, or insults can result in fines of up to AED 2,000.
Indecent behavior. Public displays of inappropriate behavior, such as indecent gestures or actions, may lead to fines of up to AED 5,000 or imprisonment.
Smoking in restricted areas. Smoking in prohibited zones can incur a fine of AED 500.
Littering. Disposing of garbage in unauthorized places, such as streets or public areas, carries a fine of AED 1,000.
Public displays of affection. Demonstrating close relationships in public, including kissing and hugging, may lead to fines of up to AED 1,000 or imprisonment.

Alcohol consumption rules in Dubai

In Dubai, alcohol consumption is strictly regulated by law. Alcohol in Dubai can only be purchased and consumed in licensed venues, such as hotels, bars, and restaurants, or at home with a personal alcohol licence. Individuals must be at least 21 years old to consume alcohol or purchase it. Public intoxication and illegal drinking in unauthorized locations are strictly prohibited. Expats living in Dubai must obtain an alcohol licence to purchase alcohol for personal use. Tourists, however, can consume alcohol in licensed venues without a separate licence.

When considering drinking laws in Dubai, it is important to know that the rules are enforced rigorously. Having an alcohol licence is not optional for residents wishing to purchase alcohol in licenced establishments for personal use. Drinking in Dubai without adhering to these regulations may result in legal consequences.

Penalties and fines for violating alcohol consumption laws

Violations of drinking laws in Dubai can lead to serious penalties. Public intoxication or illegal drinking in unlicensed areas may result in a fine of up to AED 5,000 or imprisonment for up to six months. Being caught driving under the influence of alcohol in Dubai carries harsher penalties, including a fine of up to AED 20,000, imprisonment, and possible revocation of the driver's licence. Repeat offenses may lead to longer jail terms, higher fines, or further legal consequences.

Penalties and fines for drug use in Dubai

Dubai has a zero-tolerance policy for drug use, possession, and trafficking. Even small amounts of narcotics are considered illegal and can result in harsh punishments. Possession of drugs is punishable by imprisonment for at least two years and fines up to AED 100,000. Trafficking drugs is considered a major illegal offense, leading to life imprisonment or even the death penalty in extreme cases.

Having traces of illegal substances in your system upon entering the UAE is considered a criminal offense, even if the drugs were consumed in another country. This can lead to immediate arrest, imprisonment, and deportation.

Dubai’s strict stance on laws in Dubai for alcohol and drug use emphasizes the need to know and respect local regulations to avoid severe penalties. Whether you drink in Dubai or engage in any activity, understanding what you need to know is key to staying compliant with drinking laws in Dubai.

Consult with a professional

When it comes to relocating to Dubai, it's important to consult with professionals who can guide you through the process. An immigration lawyer who specializes in Dubai laws can provide valuable advice and ensure that your relocation goes smoothly. Additionally, a trusted business consultant can help you make informed decisions before investing or starting a business in Dubai.

Another professional worth considering is an expat relocation specialist who can assist with the logistics of moving to Dubai. They can offer guidance on everything from finding housing to securing visas and navigating cultural differences. By working with qualified professionals, you'll be better equipped to handle the complexities of relocating and doing business in Dubai within legal limits.

Feel free to contact Emirabiz consultants for any questions related to laws or norms in the UAE and in Dubai in particular before moving to the country or if you are already here.

FAQ

Are unmarried couples allowed to live together in Dubai?

Dubai now permits unmarried couples to share rooms, following a 2020 relaxation of regulations aimed at enhancing its global image.

Is it illegal to kiss in public places in Dubai?

Dubai's tolerance has grown, but public displays of affection are still risky. Respect local customs, especially in conservative areas and during Ramadan, to avoid trouble.

Are there any restrictions on photography in Dubai?

Dubai has strict laws and regulations when it comes to photography. While it is generally accepted to take pictures of scenic spots and tourist attractions, some areas are off-limits. Taking pictures of government buildings, military installations, and airports is strictly prohibited. Additionally, photographing people without their consent is also not allowed, and can even result in legal action.

Are there any laws which prohibit gambling in Dubai?

Yes, currently gambling is prohibited in Dubai and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) as a whole.

However, in 2022, the emirate of Ras Al Khaimah announced plans to regulate gaming in anticipation of the 2026 arrival of the renowned Las Vegas-based Wynn Resorts (WYNN.O). This has revived speculation about the possibility of legalized gambling in Dubai, which welcomed a Caesars Palace establishment back in 2018.

What is prohibited to bring with you to Dubai?

Dubai is a popular tourist destination, but it has strict laws and customs that visitors must respect. Before traveling to Dubai, ensure that you are aware of these restrictions to avoid any issues. Here are some common items that you cannot bring or are restricted in Dubai:

Narcotics and certain medications
Alcohol (import without a license)
E-cigarettes and vaping devices
Offensive materials (pornographic, anti-religious, etc.)
Firearms and weapons (including toys resembling weapons)
Counterfeit goods
Certain food items (especially pork-derived)
Endangered species by-products (ivory, rhino horn, etc.)
Satellite phones (without proper permits)
Drones (regulated; require permits)

Consult the UAE embassy or consulate for current regulations before travelling.

If you need help or any additional information on Dubai rules and regulations, contact Emirabiz consultants and have a great stay in the UAE!

Dubai laws for foreigners: what you need to know before moving